Ceylon Cinnamon Tea: What the Research Actually Says (And How I Brew Mine)
- I'll be honest, I'm usually the skeptic in the room when a spice tea gets hyped as medicine.
- If you take one thing from this article, make it this section.
- Let me rank these by how strong the data actually is, because the internet treats every benefit as equal.
- The lab science here is actually well mapped, which is part of why the blood sugar story holds up better than the rest.
- So how much do you actually need?
Why I Started Drinking Ceylon Cinnamon Tea (And What I Found in the Research)
I’ll be honest, I’m usually the skeptic in the room when a spice tea gets hyped as medicine. So when a patient asked me whether ceylon cinnamon tea could help her blood sugar, my first instinct was to roll my eyes. Then I actually read the literature.
Here’s what stopped me. There are over 5,500 published studies that mention cinnamon. But only a small fraction of them test Ceylon cinnamon specifically. That gap turns out to matter enormously, and almost nobody talks about it.
Most articles you’ll read about “cinnamon benefits” quietly cite studies done on Cassia cinnamon, the cheap stuff in your pantry, then slap the health halo onto Ceylon. Those are two different plants with two very different safety profiles. Confusing them isn’t a minor footnote. It’s the whole story.
So I dug in. And I want to walk you through what I found: the real benefits, the mechanisms behind them, exactly how I brew my tea, the dosage that makes sense, the safety data, and who probably shouldn’t drink it at all.
Let me tell you my position up front so you know where I’m headed. The blood sugar data on cinnamon is genuinely interesting and worth your attention. The weight loss claims? Mostly noise. I’ll show you why as we go.
Why I Started Drinking Ceylon Cinnamon Tea (And What I Found in the Research)
Ceylon vs. Cassia: The Difference That Changes Everything
If you take one thing from this article, make it this section.
What makes Ceylon “true cinnamon”
Ceylon cinnamon comes from Cinnamomum verum, a tree native to Sri Lanka (Ceylon was the old colonial name, which is where the tea gets its label). “Verum” literally means “true” in Latin, and botanists call it true cinnamon for a reason.
Cassia, on the other hand, comes from Cinnamomum cassia and a few related species grown mostly in China and Indonesia. It dominates supermarket shelves for one simple reason: it’s cheaper to grow and process. When a jar just says “cinnamon,” you’re almost certainly holding Cassia.
They taste different too. Ceylon is lighter, a little citrusy, subtly sweet, the kind of flavor that plays well in a delicate tea. Cassia is the hot, spicy, “red candy” flavor most Americans grew up with. Stronger, bolder, and honestly great in a cinnamon roll. Just not what I want in a cup I’m drinking every single day.
The coumarin problem nobody talks about
Here’s the part that changed how I think about cinnamon entirely.
Cassia contains a compound called coumarin, and it contains a lot of it. Roughly 0.4 to 1% by weight. Ceylon contains only trace amounts, around 0.017%. Do the math and that’s a difference of up to 250 times.
Why does coumarin matter? Because it’s hepatotoxic in sensitive individuals. It can stress and damage the liver. The German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (the BfR) ran a formal risk assessment and set a tolerable daily intake of 0.1 mg of coumarin per kilogram of body weight. For a 60 kg adult, that’s about 6 mg a day.
Sounds like a lot until you crunch the numbers. Daily Cassia tea, especially a couple of cups made with heaping teaspoons of powder, can push some people right past that limit. Daily Ceylon tea basically can’t. You’d have to drink absurd, undrinkable quantities to get anywhere near the ceiling.
That’s the whole game. If you’re drinking cinnamon tea occasionally, it hardly matters. If you’re drinking it every day for a health benefit (which is the entire point), the coumarin load compounds. And that’s exactly where Cassia becomes a problem and Ceylon doesn’t.
How to tell which one is in your cup
Whole quills are easy to distinguish once you’ve seen both.
Ceylon quills are thin, papery, and made of many soft layers rolled together like a fine cigar. You can crush one with your fingers. Cassia is a single thick, hard curl of bark, dense and tough, the kind you’d struggle to snap by hand.
Buying powder or bags? You can’t tell by looking. You have to read the label. Look for “Cinnamomum verum” or the word “Ceylon” printed clearly. If it just says “cinnamon,” assume Cassia and move on.
My take, and I’ll say it plainly: if you’re drinking cinnamon tea daily, Ceylon isn’t optional. It’s the only sensible choice. Full stop.
Ceylon vs. Cassia: The Difference That Changes Everything
So What Does Ceylon Cinnamon Tea Actually Do? The Evidence, Ranked
Let me rank these by how strong the data actually is, because the internet treats every benefit as equal. They aren’t.
Blood sugar support: the strongest data
This is the headline, and it deserves to be.
A 2012 meta-analysis in Planta Medica pooled clinical trials and found meaningful reductions in fasting glucose with cinnamon supplementation. That got my attention, but the study I keep coming back to is Allen et al.’s 2013 meta-analysis in Annals of Family Medicine. Pooling the trials, cinnamon lowered fasting blood glucose by roughly 24 mg/dL. It also nudged lipids in a favorable direction.
Twenty-four points is not nothing. For context, that’s a real, clinically visible shift in fasting glucose.
But here’s the caveat I keep flagging, and I won’t stop flagging it: most of those trials used capsules of Cassia powder, not brewed Ceylon tea. So translate cautiously. The compounds overlap, but the dose and the delivery differ.
There’s one more wrinkle in that Allen paper worth knowing. While fasting glucose dropped, the changes in HbA1c (your three-month average blood sugar) were unimpressive. So cinnamon may help your day-to-day glucose without dramatically moving your long-term marker. That’s a nuance most articles skip entirely.
Where does Ceylon specifically come in? Ranasinghe and his group at the University of Colombo did the careful work here. They ran the pharmacokinetic and safety trials on C. verum in healthy adults, establishing that Ceylon is well tolerated and mapping how its compounds behave in the body. Their work is the reason I feel comfortable recommending Ceylon over Cassia when the whole point is daily, long-term use.
Cholesterol and heart markers: promising but mixed
The pooled data on cinnamon and cholesterol looks decent. Reductions in total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides show up across multiple trials, with HDL (the “good” cholesterol) improving modestly.
I’d file this as promising but mixed. The effect sizes vary a lot between studies, and again, most used Cassia capsules at doses higher than you’d realistically get from a cup of tea. I wouldn’t drink Ceylon cinnamon tea as a cholesterol treatment. I’d drink it as a pleasant habit that might tilt things slightly in the right direction.
Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects
Cinnamon is loaded with antioxidants. On ORAC-type measures (a lab test of antioxidant capacity), it ranks near the very top of all spices. That’s not marketing, that’s chemistry.
The two compounds doing the heavy lifting are cinnamaldehyde and proanthocyanidins. And here’s a practical point for tea drinkers: both survive hot water extraction reasonably well, so you’re not brewing away all the good stuff.
The anti-inflammatory angle is shakier. Most of it comes from preclinical work, cells and animals, not humans sipping tea. Promising direction, unproven in the cup. I won’t oversell it.
Blood pressure: a modest signal
There’s a small signal here worth watching.
A modest meta-analysis found systolic blood pressure reductions of roughly 5 to 6 mmHg in short-term trials. That’s a real number, but it’s short-term and small in scope. I’d call it a bonus, not a reason to skip your actual blood pressure meds if you need them. Watch this space as more data comes in.
Weight loss claims: where the hype outruns the science
I’ll be blunt. The human weight loss data on cinnamon is weak.
You’ll see cinnamon tea marketed as a fat burner, a metabolism booster, a belly-fat melter. The research doesn’t back that. Any effect on body weight most likely rides on blood sugar stability, better glucose control means fewer crashes and cravings, rather than any direct fat-burning mechanism.
So if you’re buying Ceylon cinnamon tea to lose 15 pounds, I’d temper that expectation hard. Drink it for the glucose support. Treat any scale movement as a happy accident, not the plan.
So What Does Ceylon Cinnamon Tea Actually Do? The Evidence, Ranked
How Does It Work? The Mechanisms Behind the Cup
The lab science here is actually well mapped, which is part of why the blood sugar story holds up better than the rest.
Cinnamaldehyde and insulin signaling
Think of cinnamon’s polyphenols as traffic controllers for glucose. They don’t build new roads. They just improve the flow on the roads you already have.
In cell and animal models, cinnamon compounds appear to enhance insulin receptor sensitivity. In plain terms, they make your cells listen to insulin a little better. They’ve also been shown to increase the activity of GLUT4, the glucose transporter that pulls sugar out of your bloodstream and into your muscle and fat cells. More GLUT4 activity means glucose gets cleared more efficiently.
Slowing carbohydrate breakdown in the gut
This is the mechanism I find most convincing for a tea you drink with food.
Cinnamon inhibits two digestive enzymes: alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase. These enzymes break starch down into simple sugars. Slow them down, and starch converts to glucose more gradually, which blunts the sharp spike after a carb-heavy meal.
This is exactly why timing matters. Drinking Ceylon cinnamon tea with or just before a meal loaded with rice, bread, or pasta makes real mechanistic sense. You’re pre-loading your gut with a mild enzyme brake right when it counts.
The polyphenol angle
Cinnamaldehyde also activates something called the Nrf2 pathway in preclinical work. Nrf2 is a master switch for your cells’ own antioxidant defenses, so activating it means your cells ramp up their internal cleanup crew. That’s the mechanistic basis for the antioxidant claims.
Here’s my honest framing. These mechanisms are well documented in labs, in test tubes and rodents. What’s still missing is the direct human evidence tying cups of brewed Ceylon tea to these outcomes. The pathways are real. The tea-specific human trials are the gap. Keep that in mind whenever anyone quotes the mechanism as if it were proof.
How Does It Work? The Mechanisms Behind the Cup
How I Brew Ceylon Cinnamon Tea (Stick vs. Powder vs. Bags)
Enough theory. Here’s exactly how I make mine, and the tradeoffs of each method.
The simmered stick method (my default)
This is what I actually do most mornings.
I take one Ceylon quill, about 2 to 3 grams, and simmer it in 250 to 350 ml of water for 10 to 15 minutes. Not a rolling boil. A gentle simmer. The longer you go, the more polyphenols you pull out of the bark.
And this is the mistake I see constantly: people try to steep a whole quill like a tea bag, pouring hot water over it for three minutes. That under-extracts badly. Bark is dense and woody. It needs heat and time to give up its compounds, which is why simmering beats steeping for whole sticks every time.
The powder shortcut
Short on time? Half to one teaspoon of Ceylon cinnamon powder whisked into hot water works.
Fair warning: you’ll get sediment at the bottom of the cup. That’s normal, not a defect, and honestly it means you’re getting the whole bark, fiber and all. Whisk it, let it settle a moment, and drink around the grit or swirl it back in. Powder extracts faster than whole quills because you’ve dramatically increased the surface area.
Tea bags: convenient but check the label
Bags are fine for convenience. Just do the one thing I keep hammering: read the ingredient list.
Verify it says “Cinnamomum verum” or “Ceylon.” If the box just says “cinnamon tea,” it’s almost always Cassia, and now you know why that matters for daily drinking. Convenient doesn’t help you if the coumarin load is stacking up.
Flavor pairings that actually work
Ceylon’s mild, citrusy profile takes to add-ins beautifully.
Fresh ginger is my favorite, a few slices simmered right alongside the quill. A squeeze of lemon brightens it. A small amount of honey works too, though I add it after the tea cools slightly so I’m not cooking the honey. You can also simmer the quill with black tea or rooibos for a fuller cup.
Summer trick: cold brew it. Drop a quill in a jar of cold water, leave it in the fridge overnight, and you’ve got a smooth iced cinnamon tea by morning. Slower extraction, gentler flavor, zero effort.
One more practical tip. You can reuse a quill once. The second brew still carries real flavor and a decent chunk of the compounds. I usually get two solid cups per stick before I toss it.
Let’s talk cost, because this is where Ceylon cinnamon tea genuinely wins. Quality Ceylon quills run about $10 to $20 for a few months’ supply. Compare that to most glucose-support supplements at $30 to $50 a month. You’re getting a research-backed compound in a form that’s cheaper than a fancy coffee, and it doubles as a drink you actually enjoy.
Dosage: How Much Ceylon Cinnamon Tea Per Day?
So how much do you actually need? Less than you’d think.
What the trials used
The clinical trials that showed glucose benefits mostly used 1 to 6 grams of cinnamon per day. Here’s the interesting part: the benefits didn’t scale linearly. Khan’s 2003 Diabetes Care trial tested 1, 3, and 6 grams daily, and the 1-gram group did just as well as the 6-gram group on fasting glucose. More was not better. That’s unusual for supplements, and it tells me the active compounds saturate their targets at fairly modest intakes.
That’s genuinely good news for tea drinkers, because tea sits naturally in the low-to-middle of that range.
My practical recommendation
One to two cups a day, each brewed with 2 to 3 grams of Ceylon bark (roughly one quill or a heaping half teaspoon of powder). That puts you comfortably inside the studied dose range without any effort.
And here’s where the Ceylon choice pays off again. Because true Ceylon carries negligible coumarin, drinking this daily keeps you far below the BfR’s tolerable daily intake of 0.1 mg coumarin per kilogram of body weight, even if you’re a smaller adult, even at two cups. Try that with daily Cassia and the math gets uncomfortable fast.
Best time to drink it
With meals, or 15 to 20 minutes before. The post-meal glucose blunting is the best-supported mechanism, and it works when cinnamon is in your system while food arrives. My habit is a cup alongside breakfast and sometimes one after dinner.
Evening works fine too. It’s caffeine-free, so there’s no sleep penalty, and honestly it’s become my replacement for dessert more nights than I’d like to admit.
One principle above all: consistency beats intensity. The trials reflect daily, moderate intake over weeks and months. Not occasional megadoses. A quill a day for eight weeks will tell you more than six quills on random Sundays.
Is Ceylon Cinnamon Tea Safe? Side Effects and Who Should Skip It
Is it safe? For most adults at 1 to 2 cups daily, yes, and the evidence here is better than for most herbal teas.
Side effects at normal doses
Ranasinghe and colleagues ran a dedicated safety trial of Ceylon cinnamon in healthy adults and found no significant adverse effects on liver function, kidney function, or blood counts. That’s the kind of boring result you want from a safety study.
That said, a few things can come up. Cinnamaldehyde is a known contact allergen, so some people get mouth irritation, tingling, or mild allergic reactions. If your lips or tongue feel off after a cup, that’s your answer, and you should stop. Heartburn shows up in sensitive people too, especially with stronger brews on an empty stomach. Both are uncommon and both resolve when you stop drinking it.
Medication interactions to know about
This is where I want your full attention.
If you take diabetes medications, especially insulin or sulfonylureas, cinnamon’s glucose-lowering effect stacks on top of your meds. That additive effect can push you toward hypoglycemia. It doesn’t mean you can’t drink the tea. It means you should monitor your readings more closely for the first few weeks and tell your prescriber what you’re doing.
There’s also a theoretical interaction with anticoagulants like warfarin, mostly extrapolated from coumarin chemistry. With true Ceylon the coumarin load is tiny, so I consider this a low-probability concern, but it’s worth knowing if you’re on blood thinners.
And if you’re taking medications that stress the liver, be careful with Cassia specifically. Which brings me to the point I keep circling back to.
Pregnancy, surgery, and liver conditions
The liver concern belongs almost entirely to Cassia via coumarin. Ceylon sidesteps it. That’s the whole point of choosing it, and it’s why I don’t lose sleep over a daily cup.
Pregnant women: culinary amounts are fine, but concentrated daily doses lack safety data, so I’d keep it to occasional cups rather than a therapeutic regimen. Anyone scheduled for surgery should stop a week or two beforehand because of the theoretical bleeding-risk interaction.
Here’s my honest position. The safety profile of Ceylon tea is one of the strongest arguments for it over capsules and extracts. You’re getting a moderate, food-level dose of a spice humans have consumed for thousands of years, in water, with no excipients and no concentration tricks. That’s about as low-risk as supplementation gets.
How Long Does Ceylon Cinnamon Tea Take to Work?
Depends what “work” means. There are two timelines here, and conflating them is how people end up disappointed.
Acute effects: within hours
The post-meal glucose blunting is acute. If cinnamon slows gastric emptying and improves glucose uptake at the meal, that effect is happening from your first cup, provided you drink it with food. You won’t feel it, but a glucose meter can see it.
Measurable changes: 4 to 12 weeks
Fasting glucose and lipid changes are slower. Khan’s trial showed fasting glucose improvements at 40 days. Crawford’s 2009 trial ran 90 days. Mang et al. (2006) needed four months to show their effect. So the honest window is 4 to 12 weeks of consistent daily intake before you should expect anything measurable.
Let me temper expectations properly: this is a nudge, not a lever. Anyone promising results in days is selling something.
My suggestion, and it’s what I did myself: run your own trial. I’ve been tracking my morning fasting readings, and if you have a glucose meter or a CGM, an 8-week personal experiment tells you more than any study average ever will. Take a two-week baseline, add the tea, keep everything else steady, compare.
And know what non-response looks like. If eight weeks of daily tea moves nothing on your meter, you’re probably a non-responder, and pushing to twelve weeks or doubling the dose won’t rescue it. Keep drinking it because you like it, sure. Just stop expecting more.
Buying Guide: How to Get Real Ceylon (Not Mislabeled Cassia)
Everything in this article hinges on you actually buying Ceylon. Mislabeling is depressingly common, so here’s how I shop.
Label terms that matter
Look for the botanical name: “Cinnamomum verum” or its synonym “Cinnamomum zeylanicum.” Sri Lankan origin on the label is another good sign, since Sri Lanka produces most of the world’s true Ceylon. If the package just says “cinnamon” with no species, assume Cassia.
Price is a signal too. Genuine Ceylon costs noticeably more than Cassia, often two to three times as much. Suspiciously cheap “Ceylon” usually isn’t. I’d rather pay $15 for real quills than $6 for a question mark.
If you go down the rabbit hole, you’ll see quill grades: Alba, C5, C4 and so on. Alba is the thinnest and most delicate, C5 slightly thicker, C4 thicker still. Thinner generally means higher grade and finer flavor. For tea, C5 or C4 is perfect. Alba is lovely but you’re paying for elegance the teapot won’t notice.
Quills vs. powder vs. bags for quality
Buy whole quills when possible. Powder oxidizes faster, loses its volatile oils within months, and is far easier to adulterate with cheap Cassia (you can’t inspect a powder). Quills you can verify with your own hands.
Which brings me to my favorite trick. Ceylon quills are papery, layered like a cigar, and crumble easily between your fingers. Cassia sticks are single thick curls, hard as bark, and won’t crush by hand. Thirty seconds in your kitchen settles what the label won’t.
Storage so it doesn’t go flat
Airtight container, away from light and heat. Not the shelf above your stove. Quills hold their potency for about a year. Powder, realistically, a few months. If your cinnamon smells like nothing, it’s brewing like nothing.
My Verdict: Is Ceylon Cinnamon Tea Worth Drinking Daily?
Yes. With eyes open about what it is.
I’ll be straight about the evidence one last time. Strong for blunting post-meal glucose. Moderate for fasting glucose and lipids, where trials like Khan’s and Crawford’s found real but modest improvements over 40 to 90 days. Weak for weight loss, where I’d call any benefit a minor bonus. That hierarchy hasn’t changed in years of new studies, and I don’t expect it to.
It won’t replace medication. It won’t fix a bad diet. It isn’t magic, and I won’t pretend otherwise.
But look at the actual math. Pennies per cup. Negligible risk with true Ceylon. A plausible metabolic upside that costs you nothing to test on yourself. A caffeine-free evening ritual that displaced dessert in my house. There are very few things in nutrition where the downside is this close to zero and the upside is this well documented.
I came to this as a skeptic, and I still drink a cup most days. That’s my verdict in one sentence.
Here’s the action item: buy verum quills, simmer one per cup, drink it with meals, and reassess in 8 weeks.
FAQ
What does Ceylon cinnamon tea do?
Ceylon cinnamon tea’s best-supported effect is blunting the blood sugar spike after meals. Trials also show modest improvements in fasting glucose and cholesterol over 40 to 90 days of daily use. It provides polyphenol antioxidants and, unlike Cassia cinnamon, contains negligible coumarin, making it safe for daily drinking.
How does Ceylon cinnamon tea work?
Cinnamon’s compounds slow gastric emptying, improve insulin receptor signaling, and enhance glucose uptake into cells. Cinnamaldehyde and polyphenols like proanthocyanidins mimic some insulin actions. Brewing extracts these water-soluble compounds while leaving most of the fiber behind, so tea delivers a meaningful dose in drinkable form.
Is Ceylon cinnamon tea safe to drink every day?
Yes, for most adults, 1 to 2 cups daily is well tolerated. A dedicated safety trial by Ranasinghe et al. found no adverse effects in healthy adults. Ceylon’s near-zero coumarin content keeps daily intake far below the BfR’s tolerable limit. People on diabetes medications should monitor for low blood sugar.
What is the best dosage for Ceylon cinnamon tea?
One to two cups per day, each brewed with 2 to 3 grams of Ceylon bark (about one quill or half a teaspoon of powder). Clinical trials used 1 to 6 grams daily, and lower doses performed as well as higher ones, so there’s no benefit to megadosing.
How long does Ceylon cinnamon tea take to work?
Post-meal glucose blunting can happen from the first cup when taken with food. Measurable changes in fasting glucose and lipids typically took 40 days to 12 weeks in clinical trials. Expect 8 weeks of consistent daily drinking before judging whether it’s working for you.
Is Ceylon cinnamon tea better than Cassia cinnamon tea?
For daily drinking, yes. Cassia contains up to 1% coumarin, a compound linked to liver toxicity at regular high intakes, while Ceylon contains roughly 250 times less. Both show glucose benefits in trials, but only Ceylon is safe to drink daily without coumarin concerns.
Can I drink Ceylon cinnamon tea at night?
Yes. It’s naturally caffeine-free, so it won’t disturb sleep. An evening cup works well after dinner, and some people find it curbs late-night dessert cravings. The glucose-blunting effect is strongest with meals, so pairing it with dinner covers both timing and ritual.
Does Ceylon cinnamon tea help with weight loss?
The evidence is thin. Some trials show small reductions in waist circumference or appetite, but no study shows meaningful weight loss from cinnamon alone. At roughly zero calories, it’s a smart swap for sugary drinks, and that substitution effect is probably where any real weight benefit comes from.
Look, most things in the wellness aisle ask you to spend a lot and believe a lot. This one asks for a $15 bag of quills and eight weeks of patience. Put the kettle on tonight and let your own numbers make the case.
Frequently Asked Questions
Ceylon cinnamon tea's best-supported effect is blunting the blood sugar spike after meals. Trials also show modest improvements in fasting glucose and cholesterol over 40 to 90 days of daily use. It provides polyphenol antioxidants and, unlike Cassia cinnamon, contains negligible coumarin, making it safe for daily drinking.
Cinnamon's compounds slow gastric emptying, improve insulin receptor signaling, and enhance glucose uptake into cells. Cinnamaldehyde and polyphenols like proanthocyanidins mimic some insulin actions. Brewing extracts these water-soluble compounds while leaving most of the fiber behind, so tea delivers a meaningful dose in drinkable form.
Yes, for most adults, 1 to 2 cups daily is well tolerated. A dedicated safety trial by Ranasinghe et al. found no adverse effects in healthy adults. Ceylon's near-zero coumarin content keeps daily intake far below the BfR's tolerable limit. People on diabetes medications should monitor for low blood sugar.
One to two cups per day, each brewed with 2 to 3 grams of Ceylon bark (about one quill or half a teaspoon of powder). Clinical trials used 1 to 6 grams daily, and lower doses performed as well as higher ones, so there's no benefit to megadosing.
Post-meal glucose blunting can happen from the first cup when taken with food. Measurable changes in fasting glucose and lipids typically took 40 days to 12 weeks in clinical trials. Expect 8 weeks of consistent daily drinking before judging whether it's working for you.
For daily drinking, yes. Cassia contains up to 1% coumarin, a compound linked to liver toxicity at regular high intakes, while Ceylon contains roughly 250 times less. Both show glucose benefits in trials, but only Ceylon is safe to drink daily without coumarin concerns.
Yes. It's naturally caffeine-free, so it won't disturb sleep. An evening cup works well after dinner, and some people find it curbs late-night dessert cravings. The glucose-blunting effect is strongest with meals, so pairing it with dinner covers both timing and ritual.
The evidence is thin. Some trials show small reductions in waist circumference or appetite, but no study shows meaningful weight loss from cinnamon alone. At roughly zero calories, it's a smart swap for sugary drinks, and that substitution effect is probably where any real weight benefit comes from.
I'll be honest, I'm usually the skeptic in the room when a spice tea gets hyped as medicine. If you take one thing from this article, make it this section. Let me rank these by how strong the data actually is, because the internet treats every benefit as equal.
